http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/ Cases for UWEX Cooperative Extension PlantDOC Tue, 24 Nov 2009 05:32:54 CST en-us http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=6971 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=6971 Mon, 09 Apr 2007 12:00:00 CST Probably time to intitiate a little discussion on frosted crops. In East Central WI the tips on many plants have been frosted, but lower shoots still seem in pretty good shape (photo 1). A walk around the alfalfa variety trial yielded an interesting comparison between dormancy rating (I presume, but didn't have a plot map). Note virtually no damage in the shorter, more dormant variety (photo 2) and the side by side comparison of very dormant (left) versus standard variety on the right (photo 3). I suspect it's a little early to know the overall impact of the cold temperatures. I'm sure fields to the south are taller. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=6610 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=6610 Fri, 16 Jun 2006 12:00:00 CST I was called to view two mixed legume-grass hay fields that had substantial areas of dead vegetation. Both fields received an application of paper mill fiber sludge about 18 months ago. The fields grew well last year, but this spring the owner noticed areas of dying vegetation that continued to spread. The fields that did not recieve the sludge do not show any similar symptoms. After I had returned from the inspection, the owner called to tell me that a representative from the spreading company had visited the site and told him the cause was white grubs. I confess that I didn't think of this as a cause, but could white grubs completely annihilate all vegetation in large areas of these fields? If not, any ideas what may be going on here? http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=2550 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=2550 Fri, 24 May 2002 12:00:00 CST Your comments in the 5/23 Wisconsin Crop Manager are right on target. A banner year for shepherd's purse in alfalfa. Will recommend harvesting these fields first to reduce impact on forage quality. Might want to elaborate a bit on what triggers these winter annuals to be so prolific in certain years. Manitowoc County photos, 5/24/02 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=2510 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=2510 Thu, 23 May 2002 12:00:00 CST Where alfalfa heaving is present, does the recommendation to delay cutting until 25% bloom apply to the first or all cuttings? Manitowoc County photos, 5/23/02 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=2170 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=2170 Wed, 19 Sep 2001 12:00:00 CST Several alfalfa fields have sizeable areas of severely stunted alfalfa on this growers farms. The alfalfa was seeded in Spring 2000 following corn. Last fall and thru this seasons first cutting, the stand was uniform. Potato leafhopper control was applied in July above threshold. The stunted areas are severe and primarily on the high spots but not limited to only the high spots of the fields. The stunted and normal areas have equal crown counts/sq.ft, but the stem count is widely different. Recent soil tests show field is high-EH in P and K. Digital file #518 shows crabgrass competition in stunted alfalfa locations. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=946 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=946 Tue, 19 Jun 2001 12:00:00 CST My assumption is that this is PRR in peas. Oat and pea mixtures are affected. Healthy plants from higher ground are a good 12-15" taller than stunted, yellowed plants in lower, wetter areas. I assume these are Trapper field peas. Roots are rotted close to soil surface; mushy and stunted below ground. If you are aware of any management recommendations for future years or resistant variety recommendations, they would be appreciated. Manitowoc County photos, 6/19/01. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=786 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=786 Tue, 05 Jun 2001 12:00:00 CST Aphanomyces suspected. Dekalb 120. Direct seeding. Corn last 3 years with 3.2 ounces/acre of Hornet and 2 ounces/ acre Banvel applied May 25, 2000. Hornet has a 10.5 month planting interval for alfalfa so this probably is not a concern. Yellow cotyledons. Stunted plants are at least 3 inches shorter than healthy plants. Stunted seedlings remain upright. Poor nodule development. Does Dekalb 120 have Race 1 or Race 2 resistance? There appear to be a number of Dekalb varieties that are HR to aphanomyces (A1525, Table 4). Which varieties (Dekalb and otherwise) are resistant to both races? Can this field be late summer seeded? http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=683 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=683 Tue, 29 May 2001 12:00:00 CST Although almost non-existent since 1997, I was in two fields this morning with relatively high levels of alfalfa blotch leafminer feeding. A high percentage of leaflets had pinholes (photo 1) and many had the large white "comma" from larval feeding (photo 2). Perhaps a situation to watch in subsequent growth. Active spittlebug signs as well (photo 3) Fond du Lac County, 05.29.2001 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=684 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=684 Tue, 29 May 2001 12:00:00 CST This field had excellent stem counts during the fall of 2000. Unfortunately, a mid-September 2000 harvest was taken. Add in the cold, wet spring of 2001, and you have ideal conditions for crown rot as shown here. Some years back research was conducted documenting the amount of yield taken with a 4th cutting in September (probably .5-.75 tons of dry mater per acre) vs. the amount of yield reduction on the 1st cutting the following spring. Would appreciate those numbers to share with the grower. Manitowoc County photos, 5/29/01. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=663 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=663 Fri, 25 May 2001 12:00:00 CST First Trifoliolate Alfalfa Seedling. Photo by Mike Rankin. 05.25.2001 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=605 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=605 Tue, 15 May 2001 12:00:00 CST New seeding success looks excellent under these high residue conditions. I'd guess at least 30% corn residue. Newer press wheel drills seem to be the key. Older Brillion type seeders might might have residue plugging between the rear rollers. Assuming a good residue spread, is there a suggested upper residue limit for alfalfa seeding with press wheel drills? http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=385 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=385 Wed, 25 Oct 2000 12:00:00 CST Late summer alfalfa that was seeded on this Manitowoc County field the first Alfalfa seeding the first week of August 2000 encountered several problems. Saturated soils after seeding led to some seedling loss as noted (9/10/00 photo). Some topsoil compaction problems may also have added to the problem. Some yellowing and uneven plant height is still apparent on 10/24/00 but plants have recovered significantly. I think the teaching point here is that if root health is sound, plants need to be given the remainder of the fall to fully assess seeding success. Spacing between plots is a good example of how plot separation can be achieved by simply pulling out the seed drop tube on passes where spacing is desired. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=386 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=386 Wed, 25 Oct 2000 12:00:00 CST Although this field of new alfalfa seeding was sprayed with Poast Plus to suppress oat regrowth, it was sprayed late. New alfalfa seeding on 10/26/00 is 3-4" at best across much of this field. These heavy clay soils always produce the best spring soil conditions when worked in the fall. A second opinion on whether to keep this seeding would be appreciated. My preference would be to work it under this fall and direct seed next spring. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=364 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=364 Tue, 15 Aug 2000 12:00:00 CST Forage mix shown is mostly red clover. Producer backgrounds steers on this pasture on wants more grass in the mix. Experience suggests that interseeding grasses doesn't work very well. Others have commented that frost seeding orchardgrass works fine. Comments appreciated. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=357 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=357 Fri, 04 Aug 2000 12:00:00 CST Photos illustrate seedbed following late summer alfalfa seeding in wheat residue. Operator follows this with a Brillion cultipacker. Is this additional pass really needed? Experience suggests that the added cultipacker pass may result in more rapid emergence but stand success would be comparable with or without the additional pass. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=315 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=315 Wed, 14 Jun 2000 12:00:00 CST Alfalfa topdressed with liquid manure after second crop regrowth had started. May have been less than 3000 gal/a but I'd expect smothering and salt damage. Additional comments welcome. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=313 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=313 Tue, 13 Jun 2000 12:00:00 CST No-till alfalfa seeding in corn and manure residue is shown in the photo. Growers need to remember to set the planter deep enough to penetrate the residue and provide seed/soil contact. Lack of uniform emergence results from shallow seed placement that in some parts of the field penetrates the manure residue while in other parts it does not. Additional comments welcome. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=304 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=304 Wed, 31 May 2000 12:00:00 CST Alfalfa is showing a solid 3" of growth on 5/31 ( +19 days since hail damage) and is well on the way to recovery. Management the remainder of the year on these stressed stands comes into question. Dennis Cosgrove and I think it prudent to let the last cutting of the summer go to quarter bloom prior to harvest with no late fall cuttings. Any further recommendations? http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=305 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=305 Wed, 31 May 2000 12:00:00 CST Soybeans on ground compacted from hail damage on 5/12 took a full 19 days to emerge. Crust is fully an inch thick. Without rain these beans clearly would have needed a rotary hoe. Photo taken 5/31/00. Archive for future reference. Response not required unless there are additional teaching points for growers to note. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=302 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=302 Thu, 25 May 2000 12:00:00 CST Finally some signs of alfalfa regrowth on 5/25. For the record, this is 13 days since the hailstorm on 5/12. Heat units, as per Joe Lauer's suggestion, probably have a lot to do with the delayed recovery. Of interest is that red clover recovered a lot sooner. Any particular reason why? http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=297 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=297 Mon, 15 May 2000 12:00:00 CST Significant hail damage in portions of Manitowoc and Calumet counties on May 12. Some questions about the impact of the shredded mulch cover (about 1/4 inch thick) that lies over the crowns. My sense would be that regrowth will come through effectively as it dries out. If it forms a wet mat, this could be more of a problem. Not aware of anything that can be done to remove the mulch. If management options are suggested that we are not aware of, please advise. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=293 http://www.uwex.edu/ces/ag/plantdoc/viewCase.cfm?cid=293 Wed, 10 May 2000 12:00:00 CST Looks like plant bug damage in alfalfa. Pretty early for this type of damage. Leaf crinkling is characteristic. Verification requested.