Silage bags were used extensively this past summer for haylage and corn silage. They can also be utilized for high moisture corn if proper management is followed. Strategies are similar for those of oxygen-limiting silos although there are some differences.

    The moisture range for whole kernel grain going into silage bags is 25 to 35 percent. Ideally, aim for 28 to 32 percent. Rolled or cracked corn can also be successfully stored in silage bags. At higher moisture ranges (over 30 percent), the use of a high quality inoculant to produce a faster and more complete fermentation is worth the investment. Because grain does not seal as well as silage, place bags in a location where they are not likely to be damaged. Placing bags on a gravel bed in an area that is weed-free can minimize rodent damage. Where placed in a grassy area, spray a non-selective herbicide like Roundup around the base of bags. This will help make a less attractive area for rodents. Inspect bags frequently for tears and holes. If found, repair the damage immediately.

    It's a good strategy to feed grain out of the bag during the cold temperature months. As we get into warmer weather next spring, reducing spoilage will be more of a challenge.

    In years past, some area producers have successfully used concrete or wood floors/bins to store high moisture corn. However, corn will need to be treated with propionic acid. Applying propionic acid at the proper rate reduces the pH of preserved corn to about 4.0 and inhibits the growth of harmful microorganisms. The cost of treatment is usually comparable to that of on-farm drying.

    The proper application rate depends upon two factors: 1) the moisture content of the grain, and 2) the intended length of storage. Rates are determined based upon pounds of actual acid. The recommended application rates are presented in Table 1.  Use the lower r4ate when you are sure the acid and corn are being well mixed and distributed uniformly.  It is most economical to treat corn with acid when kernel moisture is around 30 percent.

    There is generally no economic justification to use propionic acid on corn being ensiled in an oxygen-limiting silo or conventional upright silo that is in good condition. For more information on treating corn with acid and determining correct application rates, contact the UW Extension office (929-3171).

    Dry shelled corn survives mold and insect damage best when it is cool, dry, and free from cracks or fines. Storing dry corn for the "long haul" in a tower silo is difficult at best. Typically, there is no mechanism to monitor grain and control temperature. If grain is stored in tower silos, consider the following:

1. Be sure the silo does not leak water through the roof, doors, or walls.

2. Silo walls must be structurally sound to resist the outward pressure of the grain.

3. Grain stored until January may not need aeration. If grain is to be stored longer range, plan to install some type of air distribution system to cool grain in the fall and warm it in the spring.

4. Delivering corn to the silo with the blower will result in more broken corn than if delivered by an auger.

5. Make sure your current unloader can handle corn or install an auger at the base of the silo (bottom door). Pull grain from the center of the silo to avoid silo tip-overs.

6. Begin feedout from the silo as soon as it is filled and continue on a daily basis. This will prevent spoilage at the top that is common when corn remains idle for an extended period.