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Forage Feeding

| Forage Sampling | Forage Testing | Hay/Silage Additives | Dairy Cows | Dairy Heifers/Calves |
| Beef/Sheep/Horses | Animal Health Issues | Forage Inventory | Feeding Decison Software |


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Forage Sampling

Sampling and Evaluating Total Mixed Rations
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Sampling Hay, Silage, and Total Mixed Rations for Analysis
UW Extension Bulletin A2309

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Forage Testing

Heat Damaged Forages:  Effects on Forage Quality
by Wayne Coblentz, US Dairy Forage Research Center, and Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Sampling and Analytical Variation Associated with Evaluating Phosphorus in Forages and Total Mixed Rations
by Dr. John Peters, Director- UW Soil and Forage Testing Lab, Marshfield Ag Research Station and Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet

5-12-06 Degree of Starch Access (DSA): Starch Digestion in Forages and Grains Fed to Dairy  Cattle
by Pat Hoffman and Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientists, A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

2-28-06 Measuring Forage Dry Matter With a Food Dehydrator
by David R. Mertens, USDA DFRC Scientist, Ken Bolton, Jefferson Co. UW Extension Dairy Agent, and Matt Jorgensen, Clark Co. UW Extension Dairy Agent

Forage Quality Variation
    MS PowerPoint Presentation

by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Forage Testing for Dairy Cattle: What's New?
    MS PowerPoint Presentation

by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

4-28-05 Trends in Feed and Manure Phosphorus
by Dr. John Peters, Director- UW Soil and Forage Testing Lab, Marshfield Ag Research Station.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet

4-28-05 Ash Content of Forages
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

4-28-05 Using NDF Digestibility in Ration Formulation
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station and David Combs, UW Dairy Scientist.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.
Español version: Uso de la digestibilidad del FDN en la Formulación de Raciones

Understanding and Using Forage Test Results
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station
Paper presented at the 2004 4-State Dairy Management Seminar

12/06 A Quick Guide to Understanding Forage Test Results
 by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Stationand Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Sampling and Evaluating Total Mixed Rations
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Forage Testing for Dairy Cattle: What's New?
also view a PowerPoint pdf of the concepts covered in this paper
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Forage Quality Variation
also view a PowerPoint of the concepts covered in this paper
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

10/06 NDF Digestibility: Reference Values for Forages, Byproducts and Total Mixed Rations
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station, et al.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

In vitro NDF Digestibility of Forages:  The 30 vs. 48 hour debate
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station, et al.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.
Español version:  Digestibilidad in vitro del FDN (fibra detergente neutro):  El debate de 30 vs 48 horas.

The Effect of Maturity on NDF Digestibility
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station, et al.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.
Español version:  El Efecto de la Madurez en la Digestibilidad del FDN (Fibra Detergente Neutro)

Forage Test Database from the UW Forage Testing Laboratory - Marshfield
View results of most recent forage samples analyzed at the UWFTL - updated monthly

New Developments in Analytical Evaluation of Forages and Total Mixed Rations
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station

Comparing Relative Forage Quality to Relative Feed Value
by Dan Undersander, UW-Extension Forage Agronomist

Relative Forage Quality
A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet written by Dan Undersander, UW-Extension Forage Agronomist and John E. Moore, University of Florida

Potassium in Forages
A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet written by Keith Kelling, John Peters, Mike Rankin, and Dan Undersander.  UW-Extension

Practical Application of New Forage Quality Tests
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Evaluating Haycrop Forage Quality for Lactating Dairy Cows
A MS Power Point presentation by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Estimating Silage Energy and Milk Yield to Rank Corn Hybrids
A MS Power Point presentation by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Understanding NDF Digestibility of Forages
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station, et al.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Enhanced Forage Evaluation: NDF Digestibility
by Scott Reuss, Marinette Co. Agricultural Agent

Evaluation of Forage Quality for Lactating Dairy Cows  
by Randy Shaver et al., UW Extension 

Interpretation and Use of Silage Fermentation Analysis Reports
by Limin Kung, University of Delaware, and Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.

On-farm Moisture Testing of Corn Silage
by Dr. John Peters, Director- UW Soil and Forage Testing Lab, Marshfield Ag Research Station.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet

Making Forage Analysis Work for You in Balancing Livestock Rations and Marketing Hay
UW Extension Bulletin A3325

New Forage Analyses
A MS Power Point presentation by Dr. Dan Undersander, UW Extension Forage Agronomist

Digestion Kinetics of Forages
by Dr. Dave Combs, Dairy Scientist, UW-Madison

Variability of Bypass Protein in Forages
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station

Predicting Pre-Harvest Alfalfa Quality Using PEAQ

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Hay and Silage Additives

10/06 Microbial Inoculants for Silage
by Francisco Contreras-Govea, UW Agronomy Research Associate, and Dr. Richard Muck, USDA Dairy-Forage Research Center.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.
Español version:  Inoculantes Microbiales para ensilaje

Effects of Corn Silage Inoculants on Aerobic Stability
Written by Dr. Richard Muck, USDA Dairy Forage Research Center

Corn Silage Inoculants that Work
A MS PowerPoint presentation given by Dr. Richard Muck, USDA Dairy-Forage Research Center, at the 2001 Forage Teaching and Technology Conference.

Lactobacillus buchneri for Silage Aerobic Stability
by David Combs and Pat Hoffman, UW Dairy Scientists.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.

Inoculants for Legume-Grass Silage
by Dr. Richard Muck, USDA Dairy-Forage Research Center.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.

Inoculants for Corn Silage
by Dr. Richard Muck, USDA Dairy-Forage Research Center.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.

Anhydrous Ammonia for Legume-Grass Silage
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Adding Enzymes to Silage
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station
and Richard Muck, USDA Dairy Forage Research Center

Adding Urea to Corn Silage
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station

Silage Preservation--The Role of Additives
UWEX Bulletin A3544

Large Baler Research and Storage Ideas
Written by Dr. Ron Schuler, UW Extension Ag Engineer

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Dairy Cows

2-22-07 Coping With High Corn Prices
by Dr. Randy Shaver, Pat Hoffman, and Bob Kaiser, UW Extension Dairy Scientists

5-12-06 Degree of Starch Access (DSA): Starch Digestion in Forages and Grains Fed to Dairy  Cattle
by Pat Hoffman and Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientists, A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Calculating Grain Yield Utilizing a Corn Silage Forage Test
by Matt Lippert, Wood County UW-Extension Agriculture Agent

Nutrient Composition of Straw Used in Dairy Cattle Diets
by Tom Anderson, Shawano Co. Agricultural Agent, and Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

4-28-05 Using NDF Digestibility in Ration Formulation
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station and David Combs, UW Dairy Scientist.  A "Focus on Forage" Fact Sheet.

Feeding Programs in High Producing Dairy Herds
also view a PowerPoint of the concepts covered in this paper
by Dr. Randy Shaver and Robert Kaiser, UW Extension Dairy Scientists

Impact of NDF Digestibility on Energy Content of Forages and Dairy Rations
by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station

How to cope with low-quality forage on your dairy 
by Jennifer L. Keuning, Kewaunee County UW-Extension Agriculture Agent;  Randy Shaver, UW-Extension Dairy Nutrition Specialist; and Scott Gunderson Manitowoc County UW-Extension Dairy Agent

Corn Silage Hybrid Evaluation
A MS Power Point presentation by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Dairy Cattle Feeding Tips for Drought Stressed Corn
by Dr. Randy Shaver and Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientists

Feeding Strategies When Alfalfa Supplies are Short
A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet written by Randy Shaver, UW-Extension Dairy Scientist

Dairy Feeding Concerns with Whole Cottonseed from 2002 Crop
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Coping with Short Alfalfa Supplies
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Impact of Vitreousness, Processing, and Chop Length on the Utilization of Corn Silage
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Practical Application of Fiber and Starch Digestibility in Dairy Cattle Nutrition
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Use of Forages and High-fiber Products to Formulate Diets for Fiber Requirements
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Red Clover Forages for Lactating Dairy Cows
by Pat Hoffman, UW-Extension Dairy Scientist, and Glen Broderick, USDA Dairy Forage Resource Center.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.

Recommended TMR Diet Specifications
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Forages for Lactating Dairy Cows: Economic Significance
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Feed Delivery and Bunk Management Aspects of Laminitis 
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist 

Supplementation of High Corn Silage Diets for Dairy Cows or PowerPoint  
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Harvest and Storage of High-Quality Corn Silage for Dairy Cows - or PowerPoint
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Contract Feed Production Arrangements
by Joe Stellato, Shawano County Crops and Soils Agent

Improving Forage and TMR Bunk Life
by Jim Leverich, Monroe County Agricultural Agent, and Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Corn Silage Harvest Management
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Dr. Joe Lauer, UW Extension Agronomist and Dr. Kevin Shinners, UW Ag Engineer

Balancing Use of Corn Silage and Alfalfa in Dairy Rations
by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Managing High Potassium Forages
A MS Power Point presentation by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station 

Forages for Dry Cows
A MS Power Point presentation by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

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Dairy Heifers and Calves

 

Beef, Sheep, and Horses

Limit Feeding Hay to Stretch Short Hay Supplies
by Jeff Lehmkuhler, UW Extension Beef Specialist

4-28-2005 Estimating Winter Hay Needs for Beef Cattle
Developed by Bill Halfman, Monroe County Agricultural Agent, this spreadsheet helps to estimate winter hay needs based on inventory, feed loss, and livestock numbers.

Stocker Enterprise Budgets for Grass-Based Systems
UW Extension Bulletin A3718

Rations for Beef Cattle
UW Extension Bulletin A2387

Managing Holstein Steers for Beef Production
UW Extension Bulletin A3659

Buying Horse Hay
UW Extension Bulletin A3772

Pastures for Horses
UW Extension Bulletin A3680

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Animal Health Issues

Potassium in Forages
A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet written by Keith Kelling, John Peters, Mike Rankin, and Dan Undersander.  UW-Extension

Poisonous Weeds of Pastures & Forages
An article written by Jerry Doll, UW Extension Weed Specialist, discussing potential toxicity from various weed species found in hay and pasture forages.

Forage Feeding and Biosecurity Issues for Cattle
by Sheila McGuirk, DVM, UW-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine

Agronomic Considerations for Molds and Mycotoxins in Corn Silage
by Mike Rankin, Crops and Soils Agent, UW-Extension-Fond du Lac County and Craig Grau, Extension Plant Pathologist - UW Madison.  A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet.  For full length, referenced paper: click here

Crop and Soil Management Issues Related to Forage Cation Levels
A MS Power Point presentation by John Peters and Keith Kelling, UW Extension Soil Scientists.  Presented at the 2001 Forage Teaching and Technology Conference.

Feed Molds and Mycotoxins
A MS Power Point presentation by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station

Managing High Potassium Forages
A MS Power Point presentation by Pat Hoffman, UW Extension Dairy Scientist, Marshfield Ag Research Station

Causes and Prevention of DA's in Dairy Cows
A MS Power Point presentation by Dr. Randy Shaver, UW Extension Dairy Scientist

Bloat
Dr. Dan Undersander, UWEX Agronomy Advice, April 1993

Nitrate Poisoning in Cattle, Sheep and Goats
Written by several UW-Extension Forage and Animal Specialists

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Forage Inventory

Making a Feed Inventory
A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet written by Brian Holmes, UW-Extension Ag Engineer

3-23-06 Paying for Unexpected Feed Expenses
A "Focus on Forage" fact sheet written by Tom Anderson, Shawano Co. Agricultural Agent

Managing Dairy Feed Inventory
UW Extension Bulletin A2945

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Decision Software

Milk2006
This spreadsheet, developed by Dr. Randy Shaver, Dr. Joe Lauer, Dr. Jim Coors, and Pat Hoffman, is the latest version of the "MILK" series spreadsheets.  It more accurately estimates the feeding value of corn silage than past versions.

Milk2000 VER. 7.4 (Updated 7/02)
    Milk2000 - explanation of terms
This spreadsheet, developed by Eric Schwab, Dr. Randy Shaver, Dr. Joe Lauer, Dr. Dave Combs, Dr. Jim Coors, Pat Hoffman, and Dr. Dan Undersander , estimates the feeding value of alfalfa and grasses. Use Milk2006 for corn silage.

Forage Land-Base Calculator
This spreadsheet, developed by Greg Blonde, Waupaca County Agricultural Agent, estimates the number of acres of corn silage or alfalfa needed for the dairy herd.

FeedVal
This spreadsheet, developed by Drs. Terry Howard and Randy Shaver, is a program to compare values of  different feed sources - Calculated from Crude Protein, TDN, Ca, and P (Referee Feeds Used to Calculate Value of Nutrients).

FeedVal4
This spreadsheet, developed by Drs. Terry Howard and Randy Shaver, is a program to compare values of  different feed sources - Feed Comparative Values Calculated from Protein (UIP), TDN, Fat, Calcium, & Phosphorus.

Pricer
This spreadsheet, developed by Drs. Terry Howard and Randy Shaver, is a program to calculate MAXIMUM price for forage based on a base forage.

Using Milk2000 to Estimate Corn Hybrid Silage Performance
by Joe Lauer, UW Extension Corn Agronomist, et. al.  A "Focus on Forage" fact shee

Determining Pasture Needs
A spreadsheet to help evaluate pasture resource needs based on animal numbers

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