Monthly Gardening Calendar
Sharon Morrisey, Consumer Horticulture Agent
University of Wisconsin-Extension in Milwaukee Co.

We are halfway to spring. Ground Hogs' Day on February 2 means winter is half over. Whether or not the groundhog sees his shadow, the calendar says there are really only 6 more weeks until spring is officially here! Regardless, we could still be in for some pretty wintery weather.

At least in February you can start getting ready to garden especially if you plan to start flowers or vegetables from seed indoors. Place catalog orders with haste to be sure your selections are available. Gather materials such as flats, seed starting mix and labels. Set-up light fixtures and heat mats.

Valentine’s Day ties with Mother’s Day for the number one floral holiday. Proper care of cut flowers can prolong their lives and your enjoyment of them. Re-cut stem ends, change the water and wash the vase every couple of days. Floral preservative is not just a gimmick, it really works so use what your florist provides.

On nice days, you can get outside to start spring pruning and some of the clean-up chores in the garden. Most trees and shrubs are best pruned at the end of the dormant season. Branches pruned from early spring flowering plants such as forsythia, cherry, and flowering almond can be brought inside to bloom early in the warmth. Pruning of these as well as spireas and lilacs can be delayed until they have finished flowering and you have had a chance to enjoy them.

Garden calendar entries followed by numbers in parenthesis are the topic of pre-recorded InfoSource messages from the UW-Extension. In the metro Milwaukee area, call (414) 290-2450 and follow the instructions. Select topic #791 to hear the daily Dial-A-Garden-Tip that features a different message each day of the year. Leave your name and address at the end of the recording to receive a free brochure of all 400-plus topics. To print the message scripts from your home computer, visit the website at www.uwex.edu/disted/infosrce/ .

UW-Extension gardening publications are now available for printing from the publications website at www1.uwex.edu/ces/pubs/.

Another source of reliable gardening information is the UW-Extension Hort Team website at www.uwex.edu/ces/wihort/ . University Extension specialists and agents provide a wealth of information and links to other reliable sites.

Visit the UW-Extension SouthEast Wisconsin Master Gardener volunteers at their booth at the Home, Garden and Landscape Show at the Waukesha Expo Center, February 20 – 23rd. They can help answer your gardening questions and direct you to even more resources.

First Week

Snow and ice are still a reality. Use sand or cat litter rather than salt to melt ice along sidewalks and driveways to prevent soil and plant damage. Do not use granular fertilizer either because excessive amounts of it, too, can damage plants. It also pollutes lakes and rivers as it runs off paved surfaces and frozen ground. For this reason never fertilize on frozen ground or over the snow.

If you need more space to garden, contact your county's UW-Extension office about rental garden locations. In Milwaukee County, call (414) 290-2405.

Prepare for starting seeds indoors by gathering supplies and equipment. The three most crucial elements for successful seed starting are using sterile media, supplemental light and bottom heat of about 70 degrees. Be sure fluorescent fixtures and bulbs are compatible since the newer low-wattage tubes will overheat in old fixtures. Lights should be adjustable so they may be moved to keep them within 4 - 6 inches of the tops of the seedlings as they grow.

Plan to get your children into the garden this year. Start with projects indoors like a pan of grass for their Easter baskets or oats for the cat. Start a sweet potato or an avocado pit. If you have supplemental lighting, plant a tub of lettuces and garlic cloves and herbs.

With two weeks left until Valentine's Day, its time to start forcing those spring flowering bulbs you've been chilling. The little bulbs like crocus, hyacinth, and scilla should have received 8 weeks of cold. Larger bulbs require 12 – 14 weeks.
 

Second Week

Remove built-up dust and grime from the leaves of houseplants with a shower. Plants with large leaves can be wiped clean by hand with a cloth or a pair of clean, soft gloves. Use one hand on the upper surface and one below. Water works just fine to clean and shine leaves. Some but not all leaf polish products contain oils which will clog leaf pores.

Third Week

Start seeds for the very first vegetable crop now - onions. Keep the foliage cutback to about 4" until time to transplant outdoors in April. Use what you clip off in salads or soup to add some zip.

Cloves of garlic can be planted in pots indoors to sprout for zesty seasoning.

Sow seeds indoors for impatiens, begonias, petunias, nemesia, dusty miller, and snapdragons.

Fresh cut Valentine's bouquets should be placed in warm water with floral preservative after having the stem ends re-cut. Wash vases with soap and water every time you replace the water. Remove any foliage that is below water level to prevent rot and clogging of stems. Place vase in a cool location (down to 35 degrees) for at least one hour or overnight so that they can re-hydrate before bringing into room temperature.

Drooping roses can be revived by completely submerging them in warm water and re-cutting the stem ends while under water. Leave them in the water to re-hydrate for a half hour before returning them to the vase.

Start garden woodworking projects like coldframes, trellises, arbors and benches. A makeshift but functional coldframe can be set up using a few bales of straw on which an old wooden storm window is propped. Slide back the window to vent heat on sunny days being certain to close it again before sundown.
 

Fourth Week

Being the end of the dormant season, now and throughout the month of March is the best time to prune most woody landscape plants and fruit trees. You can delay pruning birch, maple, black walnut, and elm since these tend to "bleed" when sap starts to move again due to snow melt and thawing soil. The dripping sap does not harm the trees but it is unsightly.

You can also delay pruning of spring flowering plants like forsythia, lilac, flowering almond, pussywillow, quince, cherry, Corneliancherry dogwood and crabapple until after bloom if you can't bear to lose the flowerbuds you prune off.

Otherwise, prune anyway and bring in the cut branches from these early spring flowerers to force flower buds open indoors for your enjoyment.

Seed of larkspur, nigella, and poppies can be sown directly in bare ground to germinate as soon as the snow melts away.

Keep feeding the birds until spring bloom since they have come to depend upon you for food. Even greater success at attracting birds to your property can be assured by providing a fresh source of water at all times. This must be kept free of ice and available until spring thaw. Stake up a discarded Christmas tree near a feeder to provide some protective cover but far enough away so that dogs and cats can't hide there to ambush your feathered friends at the feeder.