Corn storage will likely be at a premium this fall. Many producers and commercial elevators still have 1998 (and perhaps 1997) crop in storage and low commodity prices are not too appealing for selling on a harvest market.  With this in mind, there may be a need to look at non-conventional methods for storing and preserving high moisture or dry grain. Here's a rundown on some of these alternative storage options:

    Silage bags were used extensively this past summer for haylage and corn silage. They can also be utilized for high moisture corn if proper management is followed. Strategies are similar for those of oxygen-limiting silos although there are some differences.

    The moisture range for whole kernel grain going into silage bags is 25 to 35 percent. Ideally, aim for 28 to 32 percent. Rolled or cracked corn can also be successfully stored in silage bags. At higher moisture ranges (over 30 percent), the use of a high quality inoculant to produce a faster and more complete fermentation is worth the investment. Because grain does not seal as well as silage, place bags in a location where they are not likely to be damaged. Placing bags on a gravel bed in an area that is weed-free can minimize rodent damage. Where placed in a grassy area, spray a non-selective herbicide like Roundup around the base of bags. This will help make a less attractive area for rodents. Inspect bags frequently for tears and holes. If found, repair the damage immediately.

    It's a good strategy to feed grain out of the bag during the cold temperature months. As we get into warmer weather next spring, reducing spoilage will be more of a challenge.

    In years past, some area producers have successfully used concrete or wood floors/bins to store high moisture corn. However, corn will need to be treated with propionic acid. Applying propionic acid at the proper rate reduces the pH of preserved corn to about 4.0 and inhibits the growth of harmful microorganisms. The cost of treatment is usually comparable to that of on-farm drying.

    The proper application rate depends upon two factors: 1) the moisture content of the grain, and 2) the intended length of storage. Rates are determined based upon pounds of actual acid. The recommended application rates are presented in Table 1.  Use the lower rate when you are sure the acid and corn are being well mixed and distributed uniformly.  It is most economical to treat corn with acid when kernel moisture is around 30 percent.

    There is generally no economic justification to use propionic acid on corn being ensiled in an oxygen-limiting silo or conventional upright silo that is in good condition. For more information on treating corn with acid and determining correct application rates, contact the UW Extension office (929-3171).